Although research on the potential roles of hyperbaric chambers for multiple sclerosis is limited, there is evidence suggesting that Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) may be a useful tool in managing symptoms of multiple sclerosis. In this article, we will explore the benefits of HBOT for multiple sclerosis and its potential side effects.

Does hyperbaric chamber work for multiple sclerosis?

Yes, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) shows promise for multiple sclerosis (MS), with research indicating potential for slowing or reversing disease progression. By delivering oxygen to compromised brain tissues, HBOT may aid in neural repair and mitigate MS symptoms.

When the blood-brain barrier is compromised, brain tissues can swell, hindering oxygen delivery and causing functional impairment. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) circumvents this by delivering oxygen to areas inaccessible via normal circulation. This aids in healing the blood-brain barrier and underlying tissues, restoring neural communication. HBOT’s efficacy for multiple sclerosis (MS) hinges on cell viability; early treatment yields optimal results, maximizing the brain’s potential for functional restoration. While HBOT may not benefit all MS patients, even those with chronic conditions have reported significant improvements. Some research suggests HBOT may even slow or reverse MS progression.

Benefits of Hyperbaric chamber for multiple sclerosis

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) offers several potential benefits for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients:

1. Improved Oxygenation: HBOT delivers high concentrations of oxygen to damaged brain tissues, compensating for reduced oxygen supply due to compromised circulation. This promotes tissue healing and supports neural function.
2. Neuroprotection: Oxygen is essential for neuronal survival. HBOT may protect neurons from further damage, potentially slowing disease progression and preserving neurological function.
3. Reduced Inflammation: HBOT has anti-inflammatory effects, which may help alleviate inflammation associated with MS lesions, reducing tissue damage and symptom severity.
4. Enhanced Neuroplasticity: HBOT may promote neuroplasticity, enabling the brain to adapt and reorganize in response to MS-related changes, potentially improving functional outcomes.
5. Symptom Management: HBOT has been associated with improvements in various MS symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, mobility, and bladder dysfunction, enhancing overall quality of life.
6. Adjunctive Therapy: HBOT can complement other MS treatments, such as disease-modifying therapies, rehabilitation programs, and symptomatic management strategies, providing a holistic approach to disease management.

Side effects of Hyperbaric chamber for multiple sclerosis

While hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is generally considered safe, there are potential side effects and risks associated with its use for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients:

1. Barotrauma: Changes in pressure, particularly during descent or ascent in the hyperbaric chamber, can cause barotrauma, leading to ear or sinus pressure injuries. This can result in ear pain, ringing in the ears, or sinus discomfort.
2. Oxygen Toxicity: Breathing high concentrations of oxygen under increased pressure can lead to oxygen toxicity. Symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, twitching, seizures, or changes in vision. Oxygen toxicity is more likely with prolonged or repeated HBOT sessions at high pressures.
3. Claustrophobia: Some MS patients may experience feelings of claustrophobia or anxiety while inside the hyperbaric chamber, particularly if they are uncomfortable with confined spaces. This psychological discomfort can make the HBOT experience distressing for some individuals.
4. Fatigue and Decompression Sickness: After HBOT sessions, MS patients may experience fatigue, lightheadedness, or a feeling of “being off balance.” In rare cases, decompression sickness, also known as “the bends,” can occur when ascending too quickly from high pressure to normal pressure. Symptoms may include joint pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, or neurological symptoms.
5. Fire Hazard: Oxygen supports combustion, so there is a risk of fire inside the hyperbaric chamber if proper safety precautions are not followed. Smoking, using electronic devices that generate sparks, or bringing flammable materials into the chamber should be strictly prohibited.

Frequently asked questions

Sources

Early Studies with HBOT and Multiple Sclerosis. https://www.nationalhyperbaric.com/hbot-treatments-and-conditions/multiple-sclerosis. Accessed 3/1/2024

Bennett, M. H., & Heard, R. (2003). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for multiple sclerosis. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003057.pub2

Kindwall EP, McQuillen MP, Khatri BO, Gruchow HW, Kindwall ML. Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis With Hyperbaric Oxygen: Results of a National Registry. Arch Neurol. 1991;48(2):195–199. doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530140091021