All you should know about cold sores

Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). They are contagious and typically appear as small, fluid-filled blisters on or around the lips. Recent statistics suggests that around 3.7 billion people under the age of 50 (67% of the global population) are infected with HSV-1, although not all exhibit symptoms. Treatment includes antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir to reduce the severity and duration of outbreaks. Topical creams and ointments can also help alleviate symptoms. Maintaining good hygiene and avoiding close contact during outbreaks can prevent the spread of the virus.

Recently there has been a lot of evidence on the use of red light therapy for cold sores and we would look at the mechanism behind these claims. 

Can red light therapy work on cold sores?

Red light therapy (RLT) has shown promise as a potential treatment for cold sores, also known as fever blisters, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). RLT works by utilizing specific wavelengths of red and near-infrared light to penetrate the skin and promote healing at a cellular level. This therapy can reduce inflammation, alleviate pain, and accelerate the healing process of cold sores. Additionally, some studies suggest that RLT may have antiviral properties, helping to suppress the activity of HSV-1. By enhancing cellular regeneration and repair, RLT provides a non-invasive and effective treatment option for managing cold sores, potentially reducing the frequency and severity of outbreaks.

How does red light therapy work for cold sores?

Red light therapy works on cold sores by reducing inflammation, improving healing and possessing antiviral properties. These mechanisms are discussed below;

1. Reduction in Inflammation: Red light therapy (RLT) works by penetrating the skin and reducing inflammation around the affected area. This helps to alleviate pain and swelling associated with cold sores, making the outbreaks less uncomfortable and more manageable. By modulating the body’s inflammatory response, RLT can provide relief and reduce the severity of symptoms.
2. Enhanced Healing: RLT promotes cellular regeneration and repair by stimulating the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells. Increased ATP production enhances cellular function and accelerates the healing process of the skin. This means that cold sores can heal faster, reducing the duration of outbreaks.
3. Antiviral Effects: Some studies suggest that red light therapy may have antiviral properties. By affecting the viral replication process, RLT can help to suppress the activity of the herpes simplex virus. This can potentially lead to fewer and less severe outbreaks, as the virus is less active and less able to cause damage to the skin.

What are the benefits of red light therapy for cold sores?

1. Pain Relief: One of the primary benefits of red light therapy (RLT) for cold sores is pain relief. By reducing inflammation around the affected area, RLT can significantly alleviate the discomfort and pain associated with cold sores, making the condition more manageable.
2. Faster Healing: RLT promotes cellular regeneration and repair, which accelerates the healing process of cold sores. By enhancing the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the cells, RLT helps the skin recover more quickly, reducing the duration of outbreaks.
3. Reduced Inflammation: Red light therapy effectively reduces inflammation, which is a key factor in the pain and swelling associated with cold sores. By modulating the body’s inflammatory response, RLT helps to minimize these symptoms, leading to a quicker resolution of the outbreak.
4. Antiviral Properties: Some studies suggest that RLT may have antiviral properties that help suppress the activity of the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). By interfering with the viral replication process, RLT can potentially reduce the frequency and severity of cold sore outbreaks.
5. Improved Skin Health: In addition to treating cold sores, red light therapy can improve overall skin health. It enhances blood circulation, increases collagen production, and promotes healthier skin, which can help prevent future outbreaks and improve the skin’s appearance and resilience.

Side effects of red light therapy for cold sores

1. Mild Redness: Some individuals may experience mild redness in the treated area, which typically subsides within a few hours after the therapy session.
2. Warmth and Tingling: A common sensation during and after red light therapy is a feeling of warmth or tingling in the treated area. This is usually temporary and not a cause for concern.
3. Dry Skin: Repeated exposure to red light therapy can sometimes result in dry skin. Using a good moisturizer can help alleviate this side effect.
4. Eye Strain or Discomfort: Prolonged exposure to the bright lights used in RLT can cause eye strain or discomfort. It is recommended to wear protective eyewear during sessions to prevent this issue.
5. Temporary Worsening of Symptoms: In some cases, individuals may experience a temporary increase in symptoms, such as increased pain or tingling, after the initial sessions. This is often referred to as a “healing crisis” and usually resolves as the body adjusts to the therapy.
6. Headaches: Some people might experience headaches following red light therapy sessions. This could be due to the bright light exposure or changes in blood flow and circulation.
7. Burns or Blisters (Rare): Although rare, improper use of red light therapy devices, particularly those with higher power settings, can cause burns or blisters. It’s important to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and consult a healthcare professional to ensure safe use.

Frequently asked questions